o:1626 Epidemiology and Clinical Manifestation of West Nile Virus Infections of Equines in Hungary, 2007-2020 en West Nile virus (WNV) is an emerging pathogen in Hungary, causing severe outbreaks in equines and humans since 2007. The aim of our study was to provide a comprehensive report on the clinical signs of West Nile neuroinvasive disease (WNND) in horses in Hungary. Clinical details of 124 confirmed equine WNND cases were collected between 2007 and 2019. Data about the seasonal and geographical presentation, demographic data, clinical signs, treatment protocols, and disease progression were evaluated. Starting from an initial case originating from the area of possible virus introduction by migratory birds, the whole country became endemic with WNV over the subsequent 12 years. The transmission season did not expand significantly during the data collection period, but vaccination protocols should be always reviewed according to the recent observations. There was not any considerable relationship between the occurrence of WNND and age, breed, or gender. Ataxia was by far the most common neurologic sign related to the disease, but weakness, behavioral changes, and muscle fasciculation appeared frequently. Apart from recumbency combined with inappetence, no other clinical sign or treatment regime correlated with survival. The survival rate showed a moderate increase throughout the years, possibly due to the increased awareness of practitioners. Lineage 2; Neurologic Disease; Horses; Encephalomyelitis; Fever; Outbreak; Serum; Classification; Encephalitis; Circulation 1552099 10.3390/v14112551 2023-05-11T14:10:02.342Z 44 yes 46 Orsolya Eszter Fehér University of Veterinary Medicine Budapest Péter Fehérvári University of Veterinary Medicine Budapest / Semmelweis University person Csenge Hanna Tolnai University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna person Petra Forgách University of Veterinary Medicine Budapest person Péter Malik National Food Chain Safety Office person Ákos Jerzsele University of Veterinary Medicine Budapest person 0000-0002-3380-0827 Zsombor Wagenhoffer University of Veterinary Medicine Budapest person Otto Szenci University of Veterinary Medicine Budapest person 0000-0002-3248-173X Orsolya Korbacska-Kutasi University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna / University of Veterinary Medicine Budapest person 0000-0002-8950-5923 application/pdf 797638 https://phaidra.vetmeduni.ac.at/o:1626 no yes 16 70 1552253 Viruses 15 14 11 MDPI 2023